Preliminary screening of active compounds with the evaluation of the anti Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria activity of ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera) leaves extracted by different types of solvents

Abstract

Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera L.) plant is a medicinal plant used to treat various ailments in Iraq by herbalists, The pharmacological evaluation of its leaves, despite the rich pharmacological potential of its roots, was not done, In this re-search, the phytochemicals from the Ashwagandha (Withania Somnifera L.) leaves were extracted by different types solvents (carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, ethanol and water, respectively), with the presence flavonoids, tannins, saponin, steroids in water and ethanol extracts While the saponin and steroids were only present in chloroform and carbon tetrachloride extracts, the water and ethanolic extracts were found to be good inhibitors or active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, and this activity may belong to polyphenolic compounds such as flavonoids and tunnies. com- pounds, and by comparing the GC/MS analysis chromatogram of the extracted sample with NIST database entries, identification of compounds by peak value of the unknown compound in the chromatogram. In chloroform extract, among the 16 phytochemicals identified, 1,2,3,5-cyclohexanetetrol is the most abundant compound present
followed by n-Hexadecanoic acid (Palmitic acid), then Acetic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxy-6-methyl 2,3-dihydro-4H-pyran-4-one, 5-Hydrxoy methyl furfural, Caryophyllene oxide, and α Tocopherol-β-D-mannosidic respectively, Other compounds revealed are n-Decanoic acid,
Formic acid, cis-3-Hexenylpyruvate, 4-Octyl tetradecyl Phthalate ester, etc. In ethanol extract, among the 21 phytochemicals identified, o-butyl hydroxylamine is the most abundant compound present, followed by hexanoic acid ethyl ester, then oleyl alcohol, trifluoroacetate, oleic acid, etc.